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S
saddle
tee: fitting
that taps into the side of a pipe, used to make a
quick connection to an existing water line
safety
glasses: use
these specially when operating power tools. Styles
vary from those similar to normal eyeglasses,
visorlike glasses, enclosed goggles & full-face
shields.
screwdriver:
two
basic types: flathead or slotted and crosshead (or
phillips head). Choose screwdrivers with hardened
tips, which is more durable. image
septic
tank: watertight
receptacle that receives the raw sewage from a house
sewer
service
entrance line: pipe
connecting the water company piping to the water
meter
service
tee: tee
fitting w/ male threads on one run opening &
female threads on the other two openings
shutoff
valve: fitting
for shutting off water flow to a pipe or
fixture
side
vent: vent
connecting to a drain pipe at an angle of 45 degrees
or less
siphon
break:
point in a toilet flush when air is reintroduced into
the trapway, "breaking" the siphonic action. The
siphon break is usually heard as a deep gurgling at
the conclusion of a flush
siphoning:
suction
or pulling effect that takes place in the trapway of a
toilet as it is filled w/ outgoing water & waste.
An effective siphon is critical to an effective flush
for any toilet
slip
fitting: copper
or plastic coupling w/o an interior ridge or shoulder.
Used when repairing or extending pipe.
snake
(auger): long,
flexible cable, used to dislodge clogs in
pipe
solder:
soft
metal wire used to bond copper pipe.
stem:
part
of a faucet; holds the handle at one end & the
washer at the other
straight
cross: fitting
that connects four pipes of the same
diameter
stop
valve: plastic
or metal globe valve located under a fixture to
shutoff water to that fixture.
strap
wrench: tool
w/ metal body & heavy cloth or metal mesh belt
used for turning pipe
supply
stop:
valve providing on/off toilet water supply
control
sweat
soldering: method
of connecting copper tubing w/ solder & a propane
torch
sweating:
what
happens when moisture condenses on the outside of
pipes or toilet tanks. Another term for sweat
soldering.
top
T
tank
ball:
metal, rubber or plastic ball which fits into the
flush valve to seal the tank outlet. Usually replaced
nowadays by a "flapper valve".
tape
measure
long, flexible metal strip, marked w/ subdivisions of
the foot or meter image
tee:
pipe fitting in the shape of a T, w/ three openings
for the connection of pipes
teflon
tape:
a flourocarbon polymer w/ slippery, non sticking
properties used to wrap around pipe threads to seal a
joint. Also called pipe tape image
torque:
measure or application of radial force by a tool. Ex:
18-volt drill has greater torque than a 14-volt drill,
which has greater than 12-volt.
trap
seal:
height of water in a toilet bowl "at rest, it provides
a water seal which prevents sewer gases from entering
the home. Trap seal is measured from the top of the
dam, down to the inlet of the trapway
trip
lever:
handle which is rotated to initiate the toilet flush
cycle
top
U
- V
ULF
(ultra low flush):
a widely used descriptor for 1.6 gpf (or less) low
consumption toilets
union:
three-piece fitting for joining pipes
valve:
device that controls the flow of liquid or gas through
or from a pipe
valve
seat wrench:
hexagonal-end wrench inserted into a hexagonal opening
in a valve seat for installing or removing
seat.
vent:
pipe that provides the flow of air into & gases
out of a DWV system & prevents siphoning of water
from traps
vent
stack:
vent pipe that is set-up vertically
vitreous
china:
as applied to plumbing fixtures, compounded of ceramic
materials fired at high temperature to form a
nonporous body w/ exposed surfaces coated w/ ceramic
glaze fused to the body
top
W
- Z
water
closet:
also called toilet
water
hammer:
pounding or knocking sound in water pipes, due to a
sudden change in the pressure when a faucet is shut
off
water
spot:
water surface in the toilet bowl once the flush is
completed. This is established by the height of the
integral trapway dam. Usually expressed in inches of
width by length. Also referred to as water
surface
wax
ring:
donut shaped seal made of wax used at the base of
toilets to prevent leakage
wet
vent:
drain or waste pipe that also acts as a vent for one
or more fixtures on the same line
wye
branch (or Y-branch):
fitting connecting three pipes, usually in the DWV
system, allowing one pipe to enter it at less than a
90 degree angle
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